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"The upgrading of plant protection machinery and the improvement of equipment level are the inevitable choice to achieve modern plant protection. By improving the technical content and equipment level of the pesticide application machinery, not only the application level and pesticide utilization rate can be improved, but also the prevention and control effect and ability can be improved." Let the plant protection system and professional prevention and control organizations understand the new development status of the existing practical and efficient plant protection machinery, master the performance parameters of different models, and play a positive role in accelerating the promotion and application of new and efficient plant protection machinery, comprehensively improving the ability to prevent and control major diseases and pests and the equipment level of professional and unified control.
The core of plant protection is the application of pesticides. Although China's pesticide production technology is at the world's advanced level, because China's plant protection machinery is still at the backward level of developed countries in the 1950s, there are about 58 million backpack manual (electric) spray, accounting for 93.5% of the social population of plant protection machinery. The efficient plant protection machinery can greatly improve the pesticide utilization rate by improving the technical performance of the pesticide machinery, such as atomization effect, droplet size, penetration performance and distribution uniformity. It is estimated that the pesticide utilization rate of self-propelled spray bar spray is about 50%, which is 15% higher than that of liquid pump spray, 20-40% higher than that of manual spray, 30-50% higher than that of backpack motorized mist sprayer. Its operating efficiency is 85 times higher than that of manual spray and 15 times higher than that of motorized spray.
Relevant data show that there are about 120 major agricultural diseases and pests in China, including 14 kinds of first class diseases and pests and about 100 kinds of second class diseases and pests, with an annual occurrence area of 7 billion mu, causing great harm. In recent years, the state has vigorously implemented plant protection actions such as pest monitoring, one spray, three prevention, and unified control. The area of prevention and control has reached 8 billion mu, and the annual recoverable losses account for about 17% of China's total grain output. Therefore, the action of zero growth in pesticide use proposed by the Ministry of Agriculture is to select efficient large and medium-sized plant protection machinery to replace inefficient small plant protection machinery through the technical means of "control, replacement, refinement and unification", so as to improve the utilization rate of pesticides, improve the efficiency of plant protection operations, promote the promotion of the rule of unified prevention, change the chaotic situation of decentralized drug administration for each household, and improve the ability of pest control.
"The improvement of plant protection machinery and equipment is an important means to achieve modern plant protection, new and efficient plant protection machinery and equipment is the fundamental way to achieve zero growth in pesticide use, and the lag of plant protection machinery is an important factor restricting the development of the rule of specialized integrated pest control.", We must deepen our understanding of the importance of improving and enhancing the level of plant protection materials and equipment in China, and in accordance with the relevant deployment of the Ministry of Agriculture to promote the rule of specialized unified prevention of major pests and diseases and the cooperation between agriculture and enterprises to promote zero growth in the use of pesticides. At present, we need to further strengthen the test and demonstration of new plant protection machinery, and comprehensively carry out the testing of pesticide utilization rate, According to the requirements of the Ministry of Agriculture of the People's Republic of China in the Plan for the Implementation of the Action of Zero Increase in the Use of Pesticides by 2020, the plant protection system should do a good job of docking for pesticide enterprises, plant protection machinery enterprises, and specialized prevention and control organizations, and provide a bridge for mutual cooperation. It is hoped that plant protection machinery enterprises and specialized prevention and control organizations will actively participate in the construction of the demonstration base to provide support and guarantee for the reduction of pesticide use, To make contributions to the prevention and control of major diseases and insect pests of autumn crops and to the harvest of agricultural production throughout the year.